声明：原发性自发性气胸的诊断和治疗（欧洲呼吸学会）

2015年06月，欧洲呼吸学会ERS发布了原发性自发性气胸的诊断和治疗声明。

ERS task force statement: diagnosis and treatment of primary spontaneous pneumothorax

ERJ Express.Published on June 25, 2015 as doi: 10.1183/09031936.00219214

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ABSTRACT

Primary spontaneous pneumothorax (PSP) affects young healthy people with a significant recurrence rate. Recent advances in treatment have been variably implemented in clinical practice. This statement reviews the latest developments and concepts to improve clinical management and stimulate

further research.

The European Respiratory Society’s Scientific Committee established a multidisciplinary team of pulmonologists and surgeons to produce a comprehensive review of available scientific evidence.

Smoking remains the main risk factor of PSP. Routine smoking cessation is advised. More prospectivedata are required to better define the PSP population and incidence of recurrence. In first episodes of PSP,treatment approach is driven by symptoms rather than PSP size. The role of bullae rupture as the cause of air leakage remains unclear, implying that any treatment of PSP recurrence includes pleurodesis. Talc poudrage pleurodesis by thoracoscopy is safe, provided calibrated talc is available. Video-assisted thoracic surgery is preferred to thoracotomy as a surgical approach.

In first episodes of PSP, aspiration is required only in symptomatic patients. After a persistent or recurrent PSP, definitive treatment including pleurodesis is undertaken. Future randomised controlled trials comparing different strategies are required.

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